HAMİLELİKTE İLAÇ KULLANIMI İLE TERATOJENİTE İLİŞKİSİ


DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15108848%20%20%20Özet
Gebelikte ilaç kullanım oranı son yıllarda artış göstermekte olup, her geçen gün bilinçsizce artmaktadır. Mitcell ve ark. gebeliğin ilk üç ayında kadınların %70'inden fazlasının en az 1 reçetesiz (OTC) ilaç kullandığını, yaklaşık %50'sinin ise 1 veya daha fazla ilaç kullandığını bildirmiştir. Özellikle hamileliğin ilk üç ayında ilaç kullanımı son 30 yılda paket bazlı olarak 4 veya daha fazla katlara çıkmış olup, hamilelerde ilaç kullanım oranı ise 3 katına kadar çıkmıştır. Aynı zamanda son 30 yıl içerisinde reçeteli olarak kullanılan ilaç oranı ise %60’ın üzerinde bir artış göstermiştir. Gebelik genel anlamı ile kadınların yaşamlarındaki geçici ve uzun süreli bir sürecin tanımlanmasıdır. Gebeliğin erken dönemlerinden doğum sürecine hatta daha sonraki süreçlerde dâhil anne vücudunda belli başlı fizyolojik ve anatomik farklılıklar gözlenmektedir. Bu fizyolojik farklılıklarla birlikte piyasadaki birçok ilacın teratojenik etkileri tam anlamıyla çözülemediği için ilaç kullanımı anne adayı ve fetüs için büyük önem arz etmektedir. İlaçların teratojenik etkilerinin göz ardı edilmesi durumunda fetüs için zararlı etkiler gözlenirken; teratojenik etki baz alındığında ise anne adayının tedavi edilememesi ve istenmemesine rağmen gebeliğe son verme gibi sonuçlara sebep olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle eczacı, doktor ve hemşire gibi sağlık personellerinin bu konuda biraz daha dikkatli olması gerekir.
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