CİNSİYETÇİLİK, KADINA YÖNELİK ŞİDDETİ NASIL ETKİLER: KADIN DÜŞMANLIĞININ ARACI ROLÜ


DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15108698Anahtar Kelimeler:
Violence Against Women, Sexism, Benevolent Sexism, Hostile Sexism, Misogyny (Hostility Toward Women).Özet
Kadına yönelik şiddet, toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı bir sosyal sorundur. Toplumsal cinsiyet göstergeleri arasında korumacı cinsiyetçilik, düşmanca cinsiyetçilik ve kadın düşmanlığı yer almaktadır. Şiddetin, toplumsal cinsiyet temeli, bu göstergeler ile kadına yönelik şiddet tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin kanıtlarıyla ortaya çıkar. Bu anlamda araştırma, cinsiyetçilik ile kadına yönelik şiddet tutumları arasındaki ilişkide kadın düşmanlığının (mizojini) aracı rolüne odaklanarak bu ilişkinin izini sürmektedir. Örneklemimizi 579 yetişkin erkek temsil etmektedir (Ort.yaş= 26, SS= 6). Korumacı (α= .87) ve düşmanca (α= .89) cinsiyetçilik boyutları olan çelişik duygulu cinsiyetçilik ölçeği, İskebe kadına yönelik şiddet tutum ölçeği (α= .91) ve kadın düşmanlığı ölçeğini (α= .77) kullandık. Araştırma sonuçları, düşmanca cinsiyetçiliğin kadına yönelik şiddet tutumu üzerindeki toplam, doğrudan ve dolaylı etkisinin anlamlı olduğunu gösterdi. Korumacı cinsiyetçiliğin kadına yönelik şiddet tutumu üzerindeki toplam ve doğrudan etkileri anlamlı iken dolaylı etkisi anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Düşmanca cinsiyetçiliğin kadın düşmanlığı aracılığıyla kadına yönelik şiddet tutumunu yordaması, şiddetin toplumsal cinsiyet temelini desteklemiştir. Cinsiyete dayalı ayrımcılığın bir biçimi olan korumacı cinsiyetçilik, kadına yönelik olumsuz tutumları doğrudan beslerken, kadın düşmanlığı üzerinden bu olumsuz tutumları güçlendirmemektedir. Sonuçlarımız bir kez daha, kadına yönelik şiddeti önlemede toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı politika ve uygulamaların kritik rolünü doğrulamıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kadına Yönelik Şiddet, Cinsiyetçilik, Korumacı Cinsiyetçilik, Düşmanca Cinsiyetçilik, Kadın Düşmanlığı (Mizojini).
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